| Author Name | Affiliation | | Xinwei Ma | School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China | | Yanjie Ji | School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China | | Yao Fan | School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China | | Chenyu Yi | School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Metro system has experienced the global rapid rise over the past decades. However, few studies have paid attention to the evolution in system usage with the network expanding. The paper’s main objectives are to analyze passenger flow characteristics and evaluate travel time reliability for the Nanjing Metro network by visualizing the smart card data of April 2014, April 2015 and April 2016. We performed visualization techniques and comparative analyses to examine the changes in system usage between before and after the system expansion. Specifically, workdays, holidays and weekends were specially segmented for analysis. Results showed that workdays had obvious morning and evening peak hours due to daily commuting, while no obvious peak hours existed in weekends and holidays and the daily traffic was evenly distributed. Besides, some metro stations had a serious directional imbalance, especially during the morning and evening peak hours of workdays. Serious unreliability occurred in morning peaks on workdays and the reliability of new lines was relatively low, meanwhile, new stations had negative effects on exiting stations in terms of reliability. Monitoring the evolution of system usage over years enables the identification of system performance and can serve as an input for improving the metro system quality. |
| Key words: metro expansion smart card data passenger flow characteristics travel time reliability visualization |
| DOI：10.11916/j.issn.1005-9113.18001 |
| Clc Number:U12 |
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| Descriptions in Chinese: |
| 地铁扩张进程中客流及出行时间可靠性变化趋势分析 ——以南京市为例 马新卫，季彦婕，樊瑶，易陈钰 （东南大学 交通学院，南京 210096） 创新点说明：1）基于乘客角度衡量地铁的出行时间可靠性； 2）分析了不同类型站点在不同时间段内进站和出站的方向不均衡性； 3）可视化了地铁扩张进程中客流特性和可靠性问题的变化趋势； 4） 不仅关注局部线路或站点，也从网络层面探讨客流特性和可靠性问题。 研究目的： 基于地铁IC卡刷卡数据研究地铁扩张进程中的客流特性；采用多种可视化技术研究南京地铁从2014年至2016年这三年地铁网络变化大的年份，其客流特征、出行时间可靠性等的变化情况，以期为其他建设地铁的城市提供参考，为南京地铁运营管理、高峰出入口管理等提供支持。 研究方法： 1）对比法：按照2014-2016的年份、工作日与周末及假期、早晚高峰及平峰等时间维度，分析客流量特性、出行时间可靠性的异同与变化； 2）案例分析：以南京地铁刷卡数据为例，研究了地铁扩张进程中的特点； 3）可视化分析方法：利用python、ArcGIS等软件，以更直观生动的方式展示了特征变化情况。 研究结果： 1）一些站点（比如新街口站）在早晚高峰进出站客流差距非常大； 2）工作日客流高度集中于早晚高峰； 3）地铁周边土地利用的变化会影响地铁进出站的方向不均衡性；客流与地铁周边用地是互相影响的； 4）地铁票价政策与客流量大小息息相关； 5）早高峰出行时间不可靠性大，而且主干线更易产生延误。 结论： 1）针对每个地铁站进出站不平衡客流量的情况，提出在不均衡的时刻通过调整出入闸机 的相对数量，并辅以标志标线以提示乘客，以期可以最快疏散乘客，减少乘客因进出站排队情况带来的延误； 2）针对工作日早晚高峰客流高度集中以及节假日客流量变化情况，通过调整地铁列车运力以及列车发车间隔等措施来解决此类问题； 3）合理制定票价； 4）关注主干线以及换乘节点延误问题。 关键词：地铁扩张；IC卡数据；客流特性；出行时间可靠性；可视化 |
