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| Abstract: |
| Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a well-known polymer with features of great stability, outstanding physical and chemical resistance. Owing to its high carbon yield and stable performance, PAN has been widely used as a carbonizable precursor for preparing carbon materials with inherent N dopant through an oxidative stabilization and a following carbonization process. The structures and compositions of PAN precursors would further influence the formation of the resulting carbon materials. Hence, it is crucial to develop efficient processing methods to prepare PAN-based precursors with suitable morphologies and compositions. The obtained carbon materials with large surface area and good electric conductivity could be employed in a variety of fields such as structural materials, energy storage and conversion as well as adsorption and separation. |
| Key words: polyacrylonitrile carbon processing fiber application |
| DOI：10.11916/j.issn1005-9113.2022019 |
| Clc Number:TQ340.46 |
| Fund: |
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| Descriptions in Chinese: |
| 聚丙烯腈是一种具有良好的稳定性和优异的物理化学性能等特点的聚合物。由于其高碳产率和性能稳定性，聚丙烯腈被广泛用作碳化前驱体，即通过预氧化和碳化过程制备氮掺杂的碳材料。聚丙烯腈基前驱体的结构和组成会影响衍生碳材料的性能，因此开发高效的加工方法以制备合适的聚丙烯腈基前驱体至关重要。本文综述了近年来聚丙烯腈及其衍生碳材料的加工制备技术及应用进展。首先，简要介绍了聚丙烯腈的聚合方法及碳化过程; 随后，本文主要讨论了聚丙烯腈前驱体的各类加工方法，包括渗入填充法、快速纳米沉淀法、静电纺丝、溶液吹旋纺丝、离心纺丝和干湿纺丝等。碳化衍生得到的碳材料具有较大的比表面积和良好的导电性，可应用于结构材料、能量储存和转换以及吸附、分离等多种领域。 |
