In this paper,the non-steady-state heats transfer behavior of metal honeycomb sandwich panel under aerodynamic heating was studied.Based on high temperature heat transfer theory and mechanism analysis,one-dimensional transient heat transfer mathematical physics model of honeycomb sandwich panel taking the combination of heat conduction and radiation into account was given.The control volume method and Monte Carlo method were adopted and then a numerical computation method was developed to calculate the coupling problem of heat conduction and radiation.Computation methods for effective thermal conductivities of honeycomb sandwich panel,the transient temperature field and heat response of non-heated surface under typical boundary conditions were given as well.An experiment was designed to validate this computation method.The result shows that the numerical computation model given in this paper is valid to predict the thermal performance of honeycomb sandwich structures and the values calculated are more precise than those calculated by Swann-Pittman semi-empirical relationship.