To improve accuracy and reduce processing error, the elliptical bevel gearing by additive manufacturing is measured, and the causes of error are analyzed. Space spherical coordinate system, additive manufacturing coordinate system, layers model, theoretical error model and error detection model of ellipse elliptical bevel gear are established by the meshing theory of space transmission and the theory of additive manufacturing. The pre-process of elliptical bevel gearing is analyzed, the process of additive manufacturing is researched and the additive manufacturing method of this gear is obtained. The gears are detected by digital microscope system and coordinate measuring machine, to analyze the surface precision and gear pitch error. The analysis results show that the error of ellipse bevel gear is a little big by the use of material manufacturing method. Optimizing STL model, reducing the diameter of metal powder, decreasing the effect on the processing layer by laser radius and thermal effect, will contribute to raise additive manufacturing precision.