To improve the method of collecting of forest habitat factors such as forest temperature, humidity and light intensity, an automatic collection system of forest habitat factors was completed with the use of embedded technology and wireless sensor network technology. This system used the LPC2148 embedded chip as main control chip, MySQL as the system database AecGIS Server as GIS platform, to obtain forest temperature, humidity and light intensity by the collection device composed of BH1750FVI light sensor and SHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, to establish communication with the host computer by nRF905 wireless communication module so as to store data and real-time display of the dynamic changes of the forest habitat factors in a web page. The test results showed that the data packet numbering mechanism and time synchronization mechanism used into the communication protocol of sensor nodes could alleviate network congestion and reduce the loss rate of the data packets. When the emission frequency of the wireless communication module was set to 433 MHz, the transmission rate and emission power were set to 9 600 bps and 10 dBm, the error rate of frames could be effectively controlled within the range of less than 50 meters.