To explore the effects of relative depth of shear compression zone of bearing control section and shear span ratio of slab on the shear capacity of concrete slabs, test of four concrete slab specimens was completed under the condition of yielding of tensile longitudinal bars. The specimen is composed of slab, outriggers at slab end, column under slab, and bottom beam. In the test, force couples were applied at both ends of the slabs with the help of the outrigger members at the ends of the slabs; vertical loads were applied on the outside of the estimated starting position of inclined crack. Under the combined action of the vertical loads and the force couples at the ends of the slabs, the top longitudinal bars of the slabs were close to yield at the intersection of the inclined crack and the bars, and ultimate shear failure of the concrete slabs occurred without the dowel action of longitudinal bars. Test results show that under the ultimate load, the depth of the shear compression zone of the flexural shear control section of concrete slabs had a positive correlation with the ratio of tensile longitudinal reinforcement at the top of the slabs. Pressure and shear force jointly acted on the concrete shear compression zone, and the shear strength of the concrete in this zone was affected by the relative size of the compressive stress. When the compressive stress was large, the shear strength was lower than that under pure shear, and when the compressive stress was small, the shear strength was higher than that under pure shear. Based on the test results, the calculation method for the shear capacity of the inclined section near the bearing was established considering the shear span ratio and the depth of the relative shear compression zone caused by longitudinal tensile reinforcement.