To meet the needs of earthquake losses and structural seismic resilience evaluation, it is key to establish the seismic fragility functions. A database containing 227 SRC columns under repeated cyclic loads is established based on the existed experiments in this study. All the SRC columns satisfy the requirements of the Chinese ‘code for design of composite structures’(JGJ 138—2016). Considering the difference in failure model, the components are divided into ductile SRC columns and brittle SRC columns. The damage state classification criteria and corresponding repair methods for different groups are given. Then, the drift is taken as the engineering demand parameter (EDP), the drift limits of each column corresponding to different damage states are extracted based on the hysteresis information. After that, the fragility functions of SRC columns under different groups and damage states are developed using FEMA P-58 method. Finally, the table of fragility function parameters that compatible with the ‘standard for seismic resilience assessment of buildings’(GB/T 38591—2020) is given. The effects of seismic grade and axial load ratio on the fragility function parameters and fragility curve of SRC columns are compared. The role of the proposed fragility function in seismic resilience evaluation is demonstrated, by analyzing the seismic resilience of an SRC frame structure office building.