| 引用本文: | 李冬,蒋鹏飞,李帅,傅思博,张杰.饥饿条件和添加硝酸盐的好氧颗粒污泥形成与稳定性优化[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2026,58(2):1.DOI:10.11918/202501023 |
| LI Dong,JIANG Pengfei,LI Shuai,FU Sibo,ZHANG Jie.Optimization of aerobic granular sludge formation and stability under feast-famine conditions and nitrate addition[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2026,58(2):1.DOI:10.11918/202501023 |
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| 饥饿条件和添加硝酸盐的好氧颗粒污泥形成与稳定性优化 |
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李冬1,蒋鹏飞1,李帅1,傅思博1,张杰1,2
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(1.水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室(北京工业大学),北京 100124; 2.城乡水资源与水环境国家重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学),哈尔滨 150090)
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| 摘要: |
| 针对好氧颗粒污泥（aerobic granular sludge,AGS）工程应用中普遍存在的颗粒结构稳定性不足问题,提出延长水力停留时间（hydraulic retention time,HRT）与硝酸盐协同调控策略,旨在明确二者协同作用对AGS颗粒结构稳定性的强化机制。实验设置了4组序批式反应器（SBR）,即R0（对照组）、R1（单独外加硝酸盐）、R2（延长HRT控制饥饿条件）和R3（延长HRT结合外加硝酸盐）。以人工合成废水为底物,系统研究不同调控条件对AGS性能的影响。结果表明:通过延长HRT所造成的饥饿条件有效消耗了胞外聚合物（extracellular polymeric substances,EPS）中的多糖（polysaccharide, PS）,从而显著提高了EPS中蛋白质（protein, PN）与PS的质量比,有效促进了颗粒污泥的密实化与结构稳定化。具体而言,R0、R1、R2和R3系统中颗粒污泥的完整性系数分别达84.26%、85.69%、95.13%和97.12%；EPS总质量分数分别为78.06、96.93、80.00和91.42 mg/g,PN与PS质量比分别为4.77、5.15、11.12和9.30。这表明延长HRT和硝酸盐共同调控显著加快了颗粒污泥形成,增强了颗粒污泥的结构强度。在污染物去除性能方面,R0、R1、R2和R3系统的化学需氧量平均去除率分别为89.01%、88.25%、83.94%和88.56%；总氮平均去除率分别达74.49%、82.50%、81.02%和81.41%。其中,R3系统表现出最佳的脱氮性能和污泥稳定性。微生物群落分析显示,R3系统内Proteobacteria门（相对丰度56.49%）占主导地位,尤其是在硝酸盐诱导的饥饿胁迫下,优势功能菌属Zoogloea（相对丰度16.13%）显著提高了EPS分泌量（97.40 mg/g）,有效驱动了污泥颗粒化过程。这一结果进一步证实,通过硝酸盐调控实现微生物群落的定向优化,是提高AGS结构稳定性的一条有效途径。 |
| 关键词: 好氧颗粒污泥 胞外聚合物 盛宴/饥饿 PN与PS质量比 |
| DOI：10.11918/202501023 |
| 分类号:TU375 |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:北京高校卓越青年科学家计划(BJJWZYJH 01201910005019) |
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| Optimization of aerobic granular sludge formation and stability under feast-famine conditions and nitrate addition |
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LI Dong1,JIANG Pengfei1,LI Shuai1,FU Sibo1,ZHANG Jie1,2
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(1.Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering(Beijing University of Technology), Beijing 100124, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Urban-rural Water Resource and Environment(Harbin Institute of Technology), Harbin 150090, China)
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| Abstract: |
| In view of the widespread challenge of structural instability that limits the engineering application of aerobic granular sludge (AGS), this study proposes a synergistic strategy combining extended hydraulic retention time (HRT) and nitrate addition to enhance the structural stability of AGS. The aim is to elucidate the synergistic effects of these two factors on enhancing the structural stability of AGS. Four sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated under distinct conditions: R0 (control), R1 (external nitrate addition only), R2 (extended HRT-induced starvation), and R3 (combined extended HRT and external nitrate addition). Synthetic wastewater was utilized as the substrate to systematically investigate the impact of different operational conditions on AGS performance. Experimental results indicated that extending HRT effectively induced starvation conditions, leading to effective consumption of polysaccharides (PS) within the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Consequently, the protein (PN) to PS ratio in EPS was significantly increased, promoting a denser and more structurally stable granule formation. Specifically, the granule integrity coefficients in reactors R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 84.26%, 85.69%, 95.13%, and 97.12%, respectively. Corresponding EPS concentrations were 78.06, 96.3,0.00, and 91.42 mg/g (based on VSS), with PN/PS ratios of 4.7,5.5,1.12, and 9.30, respectively. These findings highlight that the combined strategy of extended HRT and nitrate supplementation effectively accelerated granulation and significantly enhanced structural strength. Regarding pollutant removal performance, the average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies for reactors R0, R1, R2, and R3 were 89.01%, 88.25%, 83.94%, and 88.56%, respectively. Similarly, average total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were 74.49%, 82.50%, 81.02%, and 81.41%, respectively. Among the reactors, R3 exhibited the best nitrogen removal efficiency and sludge stability. Microbial community analyses revealed that Proteobacteria (56.49% relative abundance) dominated the microbial consortium in R3. Notably, under nitrate-induced starvation stress, the enrichment of the functional genus Zoogloea (16.13% relative abundance) significantly increased EPS secretion (97.40 mg/g), thus effectively driving the granulation process. These results further confirm that targeted microbial community optimization through nitrate regulation represents an effective approach to improve the structural stability of AGS. |
| Key words: aerobic granular sludge extracellular polymeric substance feast/famine PN/PS |
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