| 引用本文: | 孙笛,叶雪松,张枫,董双石,赵振豪,姜晶晶.寒区流域复合环境压力驱动微生物群落季节性变化分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2026,58(6):68.DOI:10.11918/202511103 |
| SUN Di,YE Xuesong,ZHANG Feng,DONG Shuangshi,ZHAO Zhenhao,JIANG Jingjing.Analysis of seasonal variations in microbial communities driven by combined environmental pressures in cold-region river basins[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2026,58(6):68.DOI:10.11918/202511103 |
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| 寒区流域复合环境压力驱动微生物群落季节性变化分析 |
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孙笛1,2,叶雪松1,2,张枫1,2,董双石1,2,赵振豪1,2,姜晶晶1,2
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(1.地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室(吉林大学),长春 130021; 2.吉林省水资源与水环境重点实验室(吉林大学),长春 130021)
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| 摘要: |
| 为支撑寒区流域水生态精细化管控,明确冬夏季节水质与抗生素对微生物群落的差异化驱动特征及关键环境因子浓度效应拐点,以某典型寒区流域为研究对象,整合132条有效样本（夏季68条、冬季64条）,构建包含8种水质指标及11种抗生素与微生物群落的关联数据集。采用随机森林（Random Forest,RF）模型分析环境因子与群落多样性的关系,结合SHAP（SHapley Additive exPlanations）可解释性分析识别关键驱动因子及其浓度效应拐点与多变量交互作用,并通过典范对应分析（Canonical Correspondence Analysis,CCA）解析群落功能潜力的季节差异。结果表明:该寒区流域冬夏环境与群落特征呈现显著季节差异,冬季溶解氧（DO,均值10.32 mg/L）显著高于夏季（6.95 mg/L）,夏季诺氟沙星（NOR,均值156.76 ng/L）等抗生素质量浓度波动远高于冬季（1.23 ng/L）,群落多样性和功能潜力季节差异显著；TN在冬夏均为驱动Shannon指数变化的关键因子,PD_whole_tree指数夏季以大环内酯类、四环素类抗生素主导,冬季以DO与喹诺酮类抗生素主导,微生物群落多样性驱动因子呈现季节特异性,SHAP分析进一步识别出DO（夏季7.41 mg/L、冬季10.26 mg/L）、TN（冬季1.01 mg/L）等关键因子可能存在的浓度效应拐点,初步揭示其对微生物群落多样性产生促进或抑制效应的浓度区间；夏季多种抗生素与DO、冬季TN与土霉素（OTC）之间存在协同效应,复杂环境中多因子复合压力对微生物群落有叠加影响；冬季群落信息存储与处理功能受DO、温度主导,夏季细胞过程与代谢功能受多种抗生素调控,形成“冬季水质主导夏季抗生素调控”的季节分异模式。本研究在方法上融合机器学习与可解释性分析,揭示了寒区流域微生物群落对复合环境压力的季节性响应规律,提出的浓度效应拐点为流域分季节生态风险管控提供了科学参考。 |
| 关键词: 寒区流域 微生物群落 季节变化 随机森林 可解释性分析 |
| DOI：10.11918/202511103 |
| 分类号:X522 |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(1,9,W2521110)；吉林省科技厅青年人才培养项目(20260602015RC);吉林省科技发展计划(20260102033JC) |
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| Analysis of seasonal variations in microbial communities driven by combined environmental pressures in cold-region river basins |
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SUN Di1,2,YE Xuesong1,2,ZHANG Feng1,2,DONG Shuangshi1,2,ZHAO Zhenhao1,2,JIANG Jingjing1,2
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(1.Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun 130021, China; 2.Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Changchun 130021, China)
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| Abstract: |
| To support the refined management of water ecology in cold-region river basins and clarify the differential driving characteristics of water quality and antibiotics on microbial communities in winter and summer, as well as the concentration effect inflection points of key environmental factors, this paper focused on a typical cold-region river basin, integrated 132 valid samples (68 in summer and 64 in winter), and constructed an association dataset containing eight water quality indicators, 11 antibiotics, and microbial communities. This paper applied the Random Forest (RF) model to analyze the relationship between environmental factors and community diversity, combined SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) interpretable analysis to identify key driving factors, their concentration effect inflection points, and multivariate interactions, and analyzed the seasonal differences in community function potential through Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The results indicate that the environmental and community characteristics of this cold-region river basin exhibit significant seasonal differences; the dissolved oxygen (DO, mean value of 10.32 mg/L) in winter is significantly higher than that in summer (6.95 mg/L); the mass concentration fluctuation of antibiotics such as norfloxacin (NOR, mean value of 156.76 ng/L) in summer is much higher than that in winter (1.23 ng/L), and the community diversity and functional potential show significant seasonal differences; TN is the key factor driving the changes in Shannon index in both winter and summer, while PD_whole_tree index is dominated by macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics in summer and by DO and quinolone antibiotics in winter, indicating that the driving factors of microbial community diversity exhibit seasonal specificity; SHAP analysis further identifies the potential concentration effect inflection points of key factors such as DO (7.41 mg/L in summer, 10.26 mg/L in winter), and TN (1.01 mg/L in winter), preliminarily revealing their concentration ranges that exert promoting or inhibitory effects on microbial community diversity; there are synergistic effects between multiple antibiotics and DO in summer and between TN and oxytetracycline (OTC) in winter, and the multi-factor combined pressures in complex environments have a superimposed impact on microbial communities; the community information storage and processing functions in winter are dominated by DO and temperature, while the cellular processes and metabolic functions in summer are regulated by multiple antibiotics, forming a seasonal differentiation pattern of "water quality dominance in winter and antibiotic regulation in summer". Methodologically, this paper integrated machine learning and interpretable analysis and revealed the seasonal response patterns of microbial communities to combined environmental pressures in cold-region river basins. The proposed concentration effect inflection points provide a scientific reference for the season-specific ecological risk management of river basins. |
| Key words: cold-region river basin microbial community seasonal variation Random Forest interpretable analysis |
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