In this paper,means and method used for characterizing the interface behavior of single fiber composite are elaborated comprehensively from three aspects:mesoscopic-mechanical test,mesoscopic-mechanical models and numerical simulation.Mesoscopic-mechanical test establishes the basis for mesoscopic-mechanical models and numerical simulation.The relationship between them should be fully utilized to establish a sound system of interface performance characterization to accurately forecast the mechanical properties of composite materials and meet the requirements of various industries.