To understand the changes and influencing factors of on-way resistance in sludge transportation pipelines, the influence effects of sludge concentration, temperature, drag reduction agent dosage and mean velocity on on-way resistance were investigated and the mechanisms were analyzed using the sludge concentrated in storage basin in a wastewater treatment plant in Changchun City as object. The results showed that the sludge concentration significantly affected the on-way resistance, and when the concentrations were 2.38％, 3.94％ and 5.39％, the resistance increased as the concentration increased, therefore, to achieve the best conveying effect, the sludge concentration should be controlled less than 2.38％ during transportation process. Temperature has significant effect on the on-way resistance, therefore, appropriate heating or insulation measures will be beneficial to the reducing of resistance; Drag reduction agent dosage significantly affects the on-way resistance. The drag reduction effect will both be reduced when the drag reduction agent dosage is too low or too high, therefore, the drag reduction agent optimum dosage should be calculated in the actual use, and the best dosage for 3.94％ concentration sludge is 0.588％; The mean transportation velocity of sludge should be slightly higher than the non-deposition velocities under turbulent conditions which are determined to be 1.35-1.45 m/s,1.20-1.30 m/s and 1.10-1.20 m/s for 2.38％, 3.94％ and 5.39％ concentration sludge respectively.