Fire tests on four restrained columns fabricated with Q460 steel were carried out using furnace to obtain the fire resistance of high strength Q460 steel columns. The temperature of the furnace follows ISO-834 standard curve with the applied load keeping constant. Two restraint-stiffness ratios and two load ratios were considered, and the temperature distribution, axial displacement and deflection at the mid-section of steel columns were recorded in the tests. The buckling and failure temperatures of restrained Q460 steel columns were obtained. The failure temperature of specimens were calculated by employing the method of amplification factor of axial force in axially restrained steel columns and the results were compared with test results. The study shows that both the axial restraint and load ratio have great influence on fire resistance of Q460 steel columns. For certain load ratio, the failure temperature is lower for the steel column with the higher axial restraint, and for certain restraint stiffness, the failure temperature is lower with the higher load ratio. The method of amplification factor of axial force in axially restrained steel columns can be used to predict the critical temperature of restrained high strength Q460 steel columns.