In order to further improve and enrich penetration grouting theories of power-law fluid, its column penetration grouting mechanism is researched. According to combining with the rheological equation and seepage motion equation of power-law fluid, carrying out theoretical analysis and experimental, column penetration grouting mechanism based on power-law fluid is deduced. Scope of application and method to determine the parameters are analyzed respectively. Then they are validated by means of designing grouting verifying experiments. Research results show that equivalent diffusion radius of actual measurement values in the indoor grouting experiments have about 30%-35% differences with that of theoretical values calculated by column penetration grouting mechanism based on power-law fluid, but they are all within the acceptable error limits. Therefore, it may have good indication to column penetration grouting diffusion laws of power-law fluid in the injected medium, so research achievements may not only can provide theoretical basis for perfecting the penetration grouting mechanism, but also play a reference guiding role for design and construction on grouting technique.