Autonomous navigation based on sequential images (ANBSI) is the key technology of pinpoint landing missions for future deep space exploration and also is one of the major development directions for deep space exploration technology. The necessity of developing ANBSI for planetary pinpoint landing is elaborated in this paper. Firstly, state-of-art developments of ANBSI are reviewed in terms of active sensing and passive sensing. Then, the key techniques applied in ANBSI for planetary landing are summarized and analyzed. Finally, according to the analysis of the key techniques, the main issues of ANBSI are raised and their future developments are overviewed.