Because NDN network has the characteristics of acyclic graph and hop-by-hop packet delivery, reduced packet transmission success rate, the ARQ and ACK mechanisms are no longer applicable to multicast sessions. Since the transmission channel in the NDN can be equivalent to a binary deletion channel, so reliable transmission of files must be achieved through application layer coding. Traditional channel coding techniques such as convolutional codes, concatenated codes, and RS codes are highly complex, while the combination of NDN and fountain code can realize distributed storage architecture, therefore, reliable rectifying mechanism can be formed based on the application layer protocol encoded by the fountain code, to ensure the overall file transmission reliability. Existing studies are generally based on a deterministic deletion probability channel, however, due to the heterogeneity of the network and channel noise, it may cause random distribution of packet loss probability. According to the Bayesian statistical prior information and the central limit theorem, this paper theoretically deduces the reliable file transmission protocol for deleted channels with Random Probability based on the Beta-Binomial distribution model. The simulations verify the following results. The proposed model is more universal. The file delivery protocol can theoretically determine the minimum number of packets under the condition of unknown channel state, and reduce redundant encoding packets. Therefore, it can improve the overall success rate of documents and the transmission efficiency of protocol while guaranteeing the reliability of transmission.