To investigate the influence of specimen size on bond performance between corroded reinforcing steel bars and concrete, three cube specimens of different dimensions were cast with 10D length per side, where D is the diameter of longitudinal rebars (D=14 mm,20 mm,25 mm). Pull-out specimens with reinforcement mass loss percentage of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 5.0%, 8.0%, and 10.0% were obtained using current accelerated method. The variation laws of bond characteristics were analyzed considering the influence of reinforcement corrosion ratio and specimen size. The experimental results show that the expansive cracks appeared earlier and the maximum crack width was larger as the dimensions of specimens increased. The bond strength and the initial bond stiffness first increased and then gradually decreased as the concrete deterioration and reinforcement corrosion levels increased for specimens of different dimensions, and the bond energy dissipation decreased as the mass loss of reinforcement increased, whereas the specimen with larger diameter (D=25 mm) was more sensitive to the corrosion than that of the specimen with smaller diameter (D=14 mm, 20 mm). Moreover, the free-end slip and the bond energy dissipation for specimens of different dimensions decreased slowly before the corrosion-induced cracks appeared, and then decreased rapidly when the corrosion-induced cracks appeared, which had no significant effects on corrosion level after the corrosion-induced cracks appeared. Based on the experimental results, the empirical model of the residual bond stress between corroded rebar and concrete was proposed, which can evaluate the residual bond strength with different diameter of reinforcement.