Although the bus lanes could guarantee public transport priority effectively, their great attraction to bus passengers can lead to the transfer of passenger flow in local area of bus network, and has an impact on bus operation. In order to accurately obtain the specific scope and extent of this change, this research put forward an overlapping community structure detection algorithm based on the improved bus transfer network, and used the improved bus station network and Djkstra algorithm to propose an impact model to calculate the specific impact degree. Finally, the rationality of the method was verified in accordance with the actual survey data. Results show that the interconnection among bus lines in the public transport network is the basis of the influence of the bus lanes, and the transfer conditions are the important factors limiting its influence. The set of stations with a maximum of one transfer relationship with the bus lane stations constitutes the scope of the impact of the bus lane, and the impact degree is determined by the resources and environment of the bus. The results can be used to evaluate the existing bus lanes or to further planning.