To promote the application of steel-concrete composite columns in mega column structures of super high-rise buildings, the key seismic technology and application of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) and concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns are reviewed on the basis of a brief introduction of the mega frame structure with steel-concrete composite mega columns. Several technical issues on the steel-concrete composite mega columns that need to be further investigated are proposed. Research shows that the mega frame structure is an effective anti-seismic system, with perfect mechanical property. The finished and ongoing super high-rise buildings mostly utilize the mega frame structure with steel-concrete composite mega columns in China. Related studies mostly focuse on elastic-plastic analysis and shaking table test. The complex cross-sectional steel-concrete composite mega columns have good seismic performance after reasonable design. The related mechanical behavior theoretical calculation method with universality and the reasonable structural constructions are the key technical issues that urgently need to be further studied.