In order to solve the problems of low strength and brittle failure of fresh ice when used as building material, a kind of fiber-reinforced ice (FRI) material was prepared by using primary pulp fiber as reinforcing material. Firstly, the uniaxial compression tests were carried out for composite ice materials with different fiber contents (0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%) at -15 ℃. To investigate the effects of temperature on the properties of the composite ice materials, tests were also carried out at -5 ℃ under the same conditions. The results show that the strength and ductility of the composite ice material were obviously better than fresh ice. Unlike the brittle failure of fresh ice, the failure of FRI was ductile failure, and the deformation ability was greatly enhanced compared with fresh ice. The strength, peak strain, and modulus of elasticity of the composite ice materials decreased with the increase of temperature, while the strength and peak strain of the composite ice materials increased with the increase of fiber content, and the elasticity modulus decreased. Based on the test results, the standard values of material strength were determined by the direct design method of probability reliability. The conclusions could provide reference for the application of composite ice materials in buildings.