To study the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of high-speed rolling bearing-rotor coupling system in maneuvering flight, the mathematical model of bearing-rub-impact rotor system with time-varying rigidity of rolling bearings in climbing-diving maneuvering flight was established by using finite element method, and the dynamic equation of the system was solved by Newmark-β integral method. The interaction between the time-varying stiffness of rolling bearings and the non-linear dynamic characteristics of rotor is considered in this model, as well as the influence of the eccentricity of rotor and the radial clearance of rolling bearings. By solving the model, the time-domain diagram, frequency-domain diagram and bifurcation diagram of the system under different states are obtained. Based on these, the time-varying characteristics of the stiffness of high-speed rolling bearings, the interaction between the stiffness of bearings and the dynamic state of rotor, the non-linear characteristics of the bearing-rotor system, the influence of the maneuvering flight state on the system and the dynamic response of rotor system with rub-impact fault in maneuvering flight are analyzed. The results show that the time-varying characteristics of bearing stiffness, which is one of the factors restricting the maximum speed of the rotor system, is closely related to the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system. Because of the maneuvering load, the complex non-linear dynamic characteristics will be generated in the rotor system, but when the speed of the system is low, the stability of the system will be improved to some extent due to the introduction of maneuvering loads. The stable motion interval decreases with the increase of rub-impact stiffness.