When designing a scientific super-pressure balloon, the capability of a balloon to withstand pressure can be effectively improved by arranging tendons on the surface of the balloon. To solve the problem of the large difference of longitudinal strain between the balloons membrane and tendons at the high “latitude” position, a design scheme of a sliding cable membrane structure was propased. First, the sliding cables on the balloon was used to replace the tendons sealed to the menbrane, which is more advantageous for the stress transmission on membrane. Then, in order to make the stress on the membrane evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the equilibrium shape analysis of the membrane of the cable membrane structure was carried out. According to the relationship between the radius of the meridional and the latitudinal curvature of the balloon membrane and the capability of the balloon to withstand pressure, an elliptical correction method was adopted to design a super-pressure balloon with sliding cable membrane structure to make the membrane stress more evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, thus further improving its capability to withstand pressure. Finally, taking a super-pressure balloon with sixteen bulges as an example, whose original shape is spherical with a diameter of four meters, the finite element model of the floating state super-pressure balloon was established by the software Abaqus for numerical simulation. Numerical results show that the pressure bearing capacity of the balloon increased with increasing radial tightening amount dl of the equatorial section rope, the modified super-pressure balloon could withstand higher pressure, and the stress distribution was more uniform on membrane. When the cable and the film were relatively smooth, the reduction of the friction coefficient could reduce the rope stress.