A kind of dissimilar steel assembled wheel with B500CL as inner rim and Q345B as outer rim material is designed, and a multi-variable cyclic load fatigue endurance test method is used to predict the fatigue life of the wheel. Based on finite element method, the strength and stiffness of the wheel under different loads and the fatigue life and safety factor under different stress frequencies are calculated, and the key parts of local large stress are analyzed. A parameterized model is established in the turning condition, and 8 structural design variables are defined. The initial sample points are selected by using the optimal Latin hyper-square experimental design method and the Kriging approximate model of wheels is fitted. Taking the minimum mass, fatigue life and the maximum fatigue life safety coefficient of the wheel as the objective, and taking the stress and the maximum shape variables as the constraints, the multi-objective optimization of the wheel was carried out, and the bending fatigue test was conducted for verification. The results show that the dissimilar steel assembled wheels have good performance and meet the design life requirement after optimization. Compared with the wheel before optimization, the quality of dissimilar steel assembled wheels is reduced by 9.73%.