To effectively improve the fuel cell vehicle economy, it is necessary to systematically explore how to carry out deep energy saving. First, the impact of configuration on fuel economy is analyzed by simulation, and then based on the theoretical hydrogen consumption model, the influencing factors of hydrogen consumption are determined and the microeconomic analysis of each influencing factor is carried out in turn. Finally, the hydrogen consumption limit of the vehicle is determined by ergodic weight coefficient dynamic programming method to explore the influence of control strategy factors on vehicle energy consumption. In addition, the method to determine the cost function in terminal constrained dynamic programming is studied, and the deep global optimization is realized based on this method. The results show that, from the configuration point of view, the presence or absence of super capacitors has little effect on the economy of the vehicle, but FC+B configuration has better economy than FC+B+C configuration. From the microeconomic point of view, quantitative analysis of different factors affecting hydrogen consumption reveals the importance of each factor on vehicle economy. From the control strategy optimization point of view, the power following control strategy can better play the vehicle economy. The deep energy-saving analysis of fuel cell vehicles from different perspectives reveals an effective way to improve the vehicle economy, and also provides an effective theoretical basis for the selection of configuration and components and the formulation of control strategy.