HUANG Qiao , REN Yuan , XU Xiang , LIU Xiaoling
2017, 49(9):1-9. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201611103
Abstract:Reasonable condition evaluation for large span cable supported bridges could reveal the actual condition of the bridges, make rational maintenance and repair strategy, and ensure the operational and structural safety. Firstly, the evaluation methods were reviewed based on the standards, specifications and system engineering, respectively. Secondly, the development of bridge management system and long monitoring system, and the status of evaluation information sources were analyzed and discussed. Finally, the chances and challenges were proposed faced by large span cable supported bridge condition evaluation, and the multi-source information fusion functional and structural models were presented. Reviews analysis shows that the evaluation standard for large span cable supported bridges is imminent. Visual inspection and long term monitoring, due to their disadvantages, cannot support bridge condition evaluation respectively. Information fusion induced to bridge condition evaluation is expected to increase the credibility of bridge condition evaluation results. Standardized evaluation method for cable supported bridge group is one of future development directions.
LI Peng , GUO Qifeng , MIAO Shengjun , CAI Meifeng
2017, 49(9):10-16. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201608057
Abstract:In order to study the difference of tectonic stress field between shallow and deep engineering areas, the in-situ stress field characteristics and fault stability of shallow and deep rocks were analyzed and compared by regression analysis and fault friction slip criterion based on the measured in-situ stress data of 376 groups from shallow rocks and 619 groups from deep rocks after optimized processing. The results show that the stress field in deep rocks has a tendency to change from tectonic stress field to vertical stress field. The linear correlation between the principal stress and the depth in the deep rocks is higher than that in shallow rocks. With the increase of depth, the lateral pressure coefficients KH1, Kh1 of shallow rocks approaches 1.54, 0.85, respectively, while KH2, Kh2 of deep rocks are approached to 1.15, 0.85, respectively. The horizontal differential stresses (η1, η2) in shallow and deep rocks have the increasing trend with depth on the whole. The shallow and deep faults are mainly in stable state when the friction coefficient μ is 1.0, while the shallow thrust fault has large sliding possibility and the possibility of deep fault slip instability is smaller as μ is 0.6. When μ is weakened to 0.4 or as low as 0.2, the sliding possibility of shallow and deep faults increases significantly. In the slide stability criterion, μ may be selected as 0.6-1.0 or 0.4-0.6 for shallow or deep fracture and as about 0.6 or 0.4 for reverse or normal fault.
YUE Hao , HE Dongliang , ZHANG Binya , JIA Xiaolu
2017, 49(9):17-24. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201610021
Abstract:The method of analyzing the spatial characteristics of pedestrian walking facilities is presented in order to improve the internal spatial layout for pedestrian evacuation. First, the internal room of pedestrian walking facilities is classified into the movement room occupied by pedestrians and the no-walking room occupied by obstacles. The width of movement bottleneck is computed through the layout of movement room and obstacle in walking facilities. Second, the pedestrian movement network of walking facilities is constructed based on the partitioning of movement bottleneck to movement room. Pedestrian evacuation tree is transformed from movement network based on the selection strategy of the shortest path in pedestrian evacuation. Finally, the evaluation indicators of spatial characteristics for pedestrian evacuation are established based on the layers and nodes of evacuation tree from four aspects including room size, walking distance, bottleneck width and spatial layout. The method of evaluating the spatial layout of facilities and adjusting the layout of obstacles is obtained. The case shows thhat the layout of the obstacle adjusted and the layout index optimized. Applicability and validity of the index in spatial evacuation characteristics analysis of pedestrian facilities are proved.
YE Huawen , WANG Yingliang , ZHANG Qinghua , LIU Yiming , AI Zongliang
2017, 49(9):25-32. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201611055
Abstract:In order to improve the fatigue performance of new-type steel-concrete composite orthotropic deck, fatigue test and numerical investigation were conducted to evaluate the fatigue performance of its rib-to-crossbeam welded joints. First of all, a double-rib theoretical model joined with hinges was presented to analyze shear behavior of large size rib due to torsion and bending of orthotropic deck. Then the stress and cracking in the concrete slab and steel details were measured and analyzed in the full-scale specimen. The theoretical results showed a good correlation with the observed stress results. The test results indicated that the fatigue stress of rib-to-deck joints decreased significantly with overlaying concrete, namely the risk of fatigue cracking reduces. The proposed composite orthotropic deck is recommended as a new solution to the steel deck cracking.
LI Zheng , HE Chuan , GAO Xiang , YANG Saizhou , LUO Yaowen , YANG Wenbo
2017, 49(9):33-39. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201607075
Abstract:To improve the rationality of seepage field analysis of rock tunnel, a new type of similar materials and the raw material ratio of surrounding rock, grouting circle and initial lining, etc, applied in rock tunnel seepage model test, have been developed through lots of proportioning tests taking the permeability coefficient as the core control variable. The surrounding rock similar material is compounded with clay, fine sand and glass fiber. The similar material of grouting circle is prepared by cement and carbon dross. And the multi-layer woven earthwork cloth is used to simulate the initial lining. The results indicate that the permeability coefficient of surrounding rock similar material presents nonlinear growth and the stability is gradually reduced with the increase of fine sand content. The permeability coefficient is not obviously influenced by the changes of the glass fiber content. The permeability coefficient of grouting circle similar material presents approximate linear growth with the increase of carbon dross content. The test value of 2.5 m hydraulic head is greater than that of 1.35 m. The average permeability coefficient of the initial lining similar material decreases rapidly as well as showing a trend of gradual convergence with the number of layers increased. The single permeability coefficient test result also tends to be stable. The water pressure of arch bottom outside secondary lining is far higher than vault's with the same tunnel discharge. And the vault's water pressure increases more than arch bottom's when water discharge gradually decreases. When approximately truning off the water valve, the arch bottom and vault's water pressure closes to the initial water pressure. The stable performance of similar material provides a guarantee for the application in the tunnel seepage field testing.
XIE Han , JIANG Yangsheng , YAO Zhihong , PENG Sai
2017, 49(9):40-46. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201604141
Abstract:In order to improve the effect of a background model in traffic video surveillance which was not good for the complex environment with too many foreground objects or light varying, a background modeling of multi-level block was proposed. The model was based on the frame differential method with the N frames interval and multilevel block, combining with center-symmetric local binary pattern and codebook algorithm. Using the model, the background obtained is clear and unbroken, and is the base for the foreground object extraction. To test the validity of the method, the designed experiment was compared with local binary pattern, center-symmetric local binary pattern, codebook algorithm and mixture of Gaussian. The proposed model got the more complete foreground objects, more clearly boundary of the objects, and no significant block figure. We scored the methods and the proposed method got higher scores. In the foreground object extraction methods, the method we proposed had the better results.
WU Jiangling , ZHANG Shengrui , QIN Si , Amit Kumar Singh , SUN Zhendong
2017, 49(9):47-50. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201701032
Abstract:To explore the mandatory lane-changing (MLC) behavior of vehicles in work zones on freeways and factors which influence vehicles' MLC behavior, semi-parametric method is used to establish the multiplicative hazard model of mandatory lane-changing duration. The traffic data on the duration of the lane-changing and factors of the vehicles in freeway maintenance construction area were collected by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, and lane-changing data has been analyzed by Cox regression analysis. The results show that nearly 77% of the lane-changing duration is in 10 s. The effect of different vehicle types on the duration of mandatory lane-changing is not significant. The cumulative survival rate of off-peak period was significantly lower than that of peak period and transition period, and the cumulative survival rate of the peak period is the highest. The influence of lane changing vehicle types and traffic time periods on MLC for work zones on freeways can be conducted effectively using the survival model proposed. The model proposed and results from analysis can provide a theoretical basis for traffic management and control of work zones, and the modeling and simulation of freeway lane-changing behavior in high-speed and dynamic traffic environment.
2017, 49(9):51-57. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201610058
Abstract:In order to establish a nonlinear stress dependent constitutive model of asphalt treated base, incorporate it into mechanical pavement analysis and improve the accuracy of pavement structural analysis, the dynamic triaxial test was used to measure the resilient modulus of asphalt treated base in different stress state. The nonlinear stress dependent constitutive model was obtained. The finite element pavement analysis was carried out, and the material property was defined through user programed UMAT subroutine. The testing results show that, the resilient modulus of asphalt treated base has a strong stress dependent property. Within the stress state covered in the triaxial test, the maximum resilient modulus is 175% of the minimum value. From the finite element pavement analysis, compared to nonlinear analysis, the traditional linear elastic analysis underestimates the maximum tensile strain on the bottom of base about 10%, and underestimates the maximum compressive stress on the top of subbase about 5%. The pavement analysis results are significant affected by the stress dependent property and it needs to be included during pavement design process.
YANG Yiming , PENG Jianxin , ZHANG Jianren
2017, 49(9):58-64. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201611077
Abstract:To study the decline of RC structural resistance and durability caused by chloride ion erosion, based on RC beams accelerated corrosion test, firstly, the model of steel bar section area is analyzed considering the two kinds of uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion at the same time. Secondly, the relationship between the crack width and chloride diffusion coefficient and the resistance of RC beam is established. Then the structural resistance calculation model is discussed under the influence of corroded main bars with different corrosion degree in the same RC beam. Finally, considering spatial variability of material properties and structure size, the time-spatial-varying degradation model of RC beams resistance is built and the resistance of the bridge after 100 years of service is predicted. The results show that when the spatial variability of the parameters is considered, the resistance value wihtout considering the influence of the crack is 9.91% higher than the corresponding value considering the influence of crack. Considering the spatial variability of the parameters, the resistance of RC beam is decreased by 14.68% when compared with that without consideration. The appropriate choice of the fluctuation coefficient and the unit size to consider the spatial variability of the parameters of RC structure is very important for the safety evaluation of RC beam. The residual resistance of the structure in tidal area and splash zone is 43.23% and 36.45% of the initial value, compared with the atmospheric environment of the coastline, decreased by 6.73% and 21.35%, respectively. Therefore, in the service of the structure, corrosion protection measures should be done well to reduce the damage of the structure durability of chloride ion erosion.
2017, 49(9):65-69. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201611064
Abstract:To improve the efficiency of the macro-meso parameters calibration of the triaxial test in the DEM, a new method, iterative calibration, is proposed. By using a fish language program, the numerical simulation of the triaxial test in the PFC3D software is achieved. Based on the contact bond model, the triaxial test of sand is simulated, and the validity of the iterative calibration method is verified. The calibration proves that both the size of the particle stiffness and the ratio of the particle stiffness affect the size of the partial stress, particle normal stiffness affect the initial Young's modulus, the effect of the friction coefficient on the partial stress is depended on the size of the confining pressure, and the bond strength has little influence on the stress-strain curve of the contact bond model, but huge influence on the parallel bond model. It is concluded that the iterative calibration method can effectively calibrate macro-meso parameters and reduce the "test parameter" process.
ZHU Haiqing , ZHANG Xiedong , LI Ying , ZHANG Hang
2017, 49(9):70-78. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201609035
Abstract:In order to achieve a further understanding of the nonlinear behaviors and damage mechanism of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) piers, a new type of CFST column-to-cap beam connection was proposed. The proposed connections and corresponding traditional monolithic connections were tested under combined axial loading and lateral quasi-static loading. The connections with different casting methods, different CFST column embed length, different CFST tube yield strength were constructed. Their damage modes, hysteretic curves, ductile capacity and accumulation energy dissipating were studied compared with each other. Research results indicate that the CFST column-to-cap beam connections with replaceable components perform a good bonding capacity. The ductility and earthquake energy dissipating capacity of the proposed connection is better than that of the traditional monolithic connection. Furthermore, for those connections designed as endergonic members, steel tubes with low yield stress perform a better energy dissipating than that of steel tubes with high yield stress, which will decrease the cap beam's damage by a large extent.
ZHANG Zhen , ZHOU Chuanbo , LU Shiwei , JIANG Nan , WU Chao
2017, 49(9):79-84. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201611089
Abstract:To ensure the safety of buried concrete pipeline during the process of blasting construction, field monitoring and numerical simulation were adopted to study the dynamic response of the adjacent buried concrete pipeline induced by the blasting excavation of an ultra-shallow buried underpass. The relationship model between the peak partical velocities (PPVs) and tensile stresses of the pipeline is established. Based on the ultimate tensile strength criterion, the blasting vibration safety criterion of the pipeline is calculated by the relationship model. The relationship between the maximum PPVs at different pipe sections along the pipeline and the PPVs at the ground points right above the pipe sections is also established. Combined the blasting vibration safety criterion of the pipeline, the blasting vibration safety criterion of ground is determined to ensure the safety of the pipeline. Results show that when the pipeline is empty, behind the working face, the PPVs at the middle and bottom of pipe section are approximately equal, and the smallest is at the top of pipe section. At the front of the working face, the greatest PPV is at the bottom of pipe section, followed by the middle and the top of pipe section. Along the axis of pipeline, the PPV reaches its maximum at the bottom of pipe section 3 m ahead of the working face. In the case that the pipeline is empty and full of water, the vibration characteristics are basically similar. The water in the pipeline lowers PPVs and the largest percentage of decrease is 7.3%. The blasting vibration safety criterion of pipeline is 10.84 cm/s and the blasting vibration safety criterion of ground is set to be 4.53 cm/s to ensure the safety of the pipeline. The determined safety criteria of blasting vibration can provide guidance for the field blasting construction.
KONG Lingyun , CAO Huiping , ZHANG Yuzhen
2017, 49(9):85-89. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201607004
Abstract:Since non-standardized conditions resulted in poor repeatability and reproducibility of test results as well as failure to measure some of the powder contact angle during the powder contact angle measurement test, this paper studied the impact of such external factors on the powder contact angle test as compactness of the powder column, number of layers and height of the wrapped filter paper and the selection of dipping liquid. Following results were obtained: the compactness of the powder column remarkably influenced the discreteness of the powder contact angle, where the more stable the compactness was, the smaller discreteness we got; such external factors as number of layers and height of the filter paper wrapped at bottom of the glass tube and the selection of dipping liquid imposed direct impact on whether we could get results of the powder contact angle, especially to powders with greater grain size; powders with bigger grain size needed more layers of filter papers wrapped at the bottom; in order to get results of the contact angle of the powders smoothly, we needed to make the top surface of the wrapped filter paper at bottom of the glass tube above the liquid level and to select the polar liquid with non-zero dispersion component of surface energy parameter components.
QIN Lihui , PEI Yulong , WANG Enliang
2017, 49(9):90-96. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201701027
Abstract:In order to provide reference for possible capacity calculation and LOS (Level of Service) evaluation of urban arterial road segment, traffic survey was conducted under the interruption of parallel bus stopping. The changing rules of average travel speed and cars' saturated headway with the number of parallel stopping bus were analyzed, and the models between them were established respectively by the regression method. Based on established models, suggested adjustment factors and thresholds of the number of parallel stopping bus were given to calculate possible capacity and evaluate LOS of urban arterial road segment, and a case study was conducted. It shows that average travel speed decreases and cars' saturated headway increases with the raise of the number of parallel stopping bus and there are quadratic function relations between them. The more the number of parallel stopping bus is and the higher road design speed is, the less adjustment factor is, so the influence of parallel bus stopping on road capacity is greater. When the number of parallel stopping bus are the same, adjustment factor of adjacent lane is more than that of interval lane, so the influence of parallel bus stopping on traffic operation of adjacent lane is greater than that of interval lane.
FU Yixiao , YE Jianshu , MA Ying
2017, 49(9):97-102. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201612126
Abstract:The present study designed four self-anchored in-plane iosipescu shear tests to investigate the interfacial bonding property of hybrid bonding CFRP. According to the interfacial shear stress development trend, this study divided the destruction process of the carbon fiber sheets in hybrid bonding CFRP from the initial force to the final destruction into three stages. Considering the different paste lengths of the carbon fiber sheets in the tests, this paper analyzed the failure mode, destruction process, and the interfacial bonding property in the tests. This study shows that the steel sheet-fastenings in hybrid bonding CFRP improve the bonding strength of CFRP-concrete interface. It makes the failure mode change from carbon fiber sheets debonding failure to carbon fiber sheets fracture failure. As a result, it improves the use ratio of the strength of carbon fiber sheets tremendously. The interfacial bonding property of the carbon fiber sheets is stable at the non-debonding stage of the carbon fiber sheets. The steel sheet-fastenings have a few impacts on the initial debonding of the carbon fiber sheets. In the continual debonding process of the carbon fiber sheets, the steel sheet-fastenings can delay the debonding of the carbon fiber sheets and increase the interfacial bonding strength by 18.02%.
QIN Yanyan , WANG Hao , WANG Wei , WAN Qian
2017, 49(9):103-108. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201610006
Abstract:In order to explore the potential impact of cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) vehicles on traffic systems, driving comfort is analyzed under different CACC penetrations where manual vehicles, CACC vehicles, and adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles are mixed in the process of CACC gradually increasing on roads. The ACC and CACC models validated by PATH program were employed in numerical simulations. Driving comfort of the mixed traffic flow was measured using the international organization for standardization(ISO) 2631-1. Parametric sensitivity analysis on the desired time-gap of ACC and CACC was also conducted. Finally, simulation results were discussed from the perspective of traffic flow stability. It is found that comfort first worsens then upgrades with the increase of CACC penetration. Larger ACC time-gap is apt to restrict the comfort deterioration, while various values of CACC time-gap have little effect on improving the driving comfort. The results indicate that the trend of mixed traffic flow stability affects comfort qualitatively. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication equipment of manual vehicles will benefit the gradual increase of the comfort.
LI Dong , LI Xiaoying , YANG Jie , Lü Yufeng , LIANG Yuhai , WANG Yanju , ZHANG Jie
2017, 49(9):109-116. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201604003
Abstract:In the operation of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, a recently developed new type of nitrogen removal, the improper control of DO can easily lead to the decline or even collapse of the nitrogen removal rate. The key to the stable operation of the CANON process is reasonable control of dissolved oxygen inside the reactor. Given controversies of the present findings on the startup and long running of CANON in different aeration modes, the startup and performance of CANON process were tested in SBR with two different aeration strategies—intermittent aeration (R1) and the continuous aeration (R2).Results showed that the CANON was successfully developed in both R1and R2 within 21 d and 27 d. After extended aeration damage, CANON of R1and R2 fully recovered within 25 d and 33 d on conditions of HRT change and run cycle increase. The final TN removal rates of R1 and R2 were 84.32% and 73.62%.The results further showed that both alternating nitritation/anammox and simultaneous nitritation/anammox contributed to N-removal in SBR, and their contributions in R1 accounted for 58.54% and 24.7% (86 d). The bioactivity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in R1 was higher than that of R2, while the bioactivity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) showed a contrary result. Intermittent aeration is an effective means to obtain stably high TN removal.
QIU Wei , WU Kexiang , JIANG Jin , HE Junguo , YUAN Yixing
2017, 49(9):117-121. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201607057
Abstract:A2/O process is one of the major processes in municipal waste water treatment, but many parameters affect the operation effect of A2/O process. And these parameters interact with each other, affecting the efficiency of the process. In order to make up the insufficience of single variable control method or orthogonal designing method, it establishes the neural network model (GA-ANN model) based on genetic algorithm. The model has been applied to an urban waste water treatment plant by A2/O process optimization. During the commissioning operation of the plant, it has obtained 154 effective monitoring data, and 2/3 of the data has been randomly selected for the GA-ANN model, and 1/3 of the data has been used for the model test. The process parameters have been optimized and get the best combination of operating parameters. The results show that it is feasible to establish the neural network model based on the genetic algorithm for the optimization of the A2/O process operation parameters. It can provide the theoretical reference for setting operation parameter of the waste water treatment plant. And it is also helpful to the practical production and application for adjustment and improvement of the operation efficiency.
LIU Xiaodong , LIU Mengyue , CHEN Yinsheng , ZHU Wenwei
2017, 49(9):122-128. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201604066
Abstract:Vibration signals of faulty rolling bearing contain a large amount of information about the bearing operating status. However, it is difficult to extract the fault features completely because of its characteristics of nonlinearity and non-stationarity, which leads to a problem of relatively low fault identification rate of current fault diagnosis methods based on pattern recognition. In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearing fault diagnosis, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method of rolling bearing, which adopts ensemble empirical mode decomposition and permutation entropy (EEMD-PE) to extract the fault features coupled with multiclass relevance vector machine (M-RVM) to achieve the goal of fault classification. Firstly, the vibration signal of faulty rolling bearing decomposes into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by using the adaptive decomposition ability of nonlinear and non-stationary signals. Afterwards, the fault features contained in IMFs are extracted by permutation entropy, and the features constitute the feauture vector. Finally, EEMD-PE method is used to extract the fault feaures of training sample set under different fault conditions. The M-RVM classifier is trained by using feature vector set, and the multiple fault identification is implemented in the form of probability output. The experimental results show that EEMD-PE feature extraction method can effectively extract fault features of rolling bearing vibration signal, M-RVM can identify the fault feature contained in rolling bearing vibration signals. Compared with the existing bearing fault diagnosis methods, this method can improve the fault identification rate reaching up to 99.58%.
YU Fei , FAN Shiwei , LI Qian , HAO Qiang , JIANG Pan
2017, 49(9):129-135. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201607062
Abstract:This paper studies the performance analysis of the multiple USVs' cooperative localization system based on the relative distance measurements with a single leader under different maneuver conditions. In order to analyze the performance of the cooperative localization system quantitatively, a new cooperative coordinate is established and motion models of the leader and follower USVs are derived. Furthermore, the USV cooperative localization system's observability and the degree of observability is analyzed. In addition, aiming at unobservable paths, a method about changing control input is proposed to improve the degree of observability. Through MATLAB simulation experiment and water experiment results show that under different conditions, by adjusting the control input method to change the system observability is effective. And the results show that the analysis method proposed in this paper can reflect the positioning performance of cooperative positioning system, verify the effectiveness of this method.
ZONG Qun , SHAO Shikai , ZHANG Xiuyun , WANG Dandan , LIU Wenjing
2017, 49(9):136-143. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201612060
Abstract:To improve the reliability of spacecraft system, this paper researches the finite-time output feedback attitude tracking control for rigid spacecraft without angular velocity measurement. The attitude derivative is firstly viewed as an unknown state, and a modified adaptive super-twisting sliding mode state observer is designed and the requirement for the upper bound of unknown state is avoided. By extending dimensions of attitude kinematics equation, the precise angular velocity was estimated in finite time. Then, considering environmental disturbances and system uncertainties, and combining a continuous adaptive approach for estimating the upper bound of system uncertainties, a novel finite-time disturbance observer was designed. Based on the terminal sliding mode, a continuous finite-time attitude tracking controllers is also designed. The control chattering is greatly reduced and the finite-time stability for the observer and the controller is proved via the Lyapunov theory. Finally, simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
WANG Jingfeng , LIU Jinglin , YAN Yachao , ZHAO Lei
2017, 49(9):144-150. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201701041
Abstract:Based on present study status of the start and stop life of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing gyro motor which was used for the heart of the high precision and long-life three-bearing gyroscope, designing theoretical and key technical means of hemispheric aerodynamic bearing were studied in this paper. Spiral groove parameters and bearing gap which affected the gas bearing performance and start and stop reliability were two key factors. Groove parameters were used as variables, and variation trends of gas bearing mechanical properties were analyzed by variables. Curves of relation between designing parameters of spiral groove and stiffness of gas bearing were drawn up. Distortions of gas bearing parts in the work at a high speed and at the operating temperature were simulated, and the gap of aerodynamic bearing was sure to be designed reasonably. A hemispheric aerodynamic bearing permanent magnetic gyro motor was invented in this paper and finished start and stop times no less than 3 000 in the start-stop experiment. It indicates that these designing technical means were feasible and suitable for utilization in the high precision and long-life gyroscope.
LI Jiguang , CHEN Xin , LI Yajuan , WANG Xin , ZHANG Rong
2017, 49(9):151-158. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201609114
Abstract:For realization of the flying wing UAV maneuvering flight, a fluid vector rudder flying wing UAV as study object, the controller is designed by using the nonlinear design method and carried out flight validation.As the existence of various coupling and disturbance in the maneuvering flight control of flying wing UAV, a novel control scheme that the inner loop use linearization decoupling methods to eliminate the known negative coupling and the outer loop use backstepping methods for trajectory tracking control is used. Compared with the traditional backstepping control method, the controller increases the inner loop decoupling structure, and retains the aerodynamic damping term in the control structure, which makes the linearized system as a weak nonlinear system.The proposed contro structure not only can reduce the conservatism of the outer loop controller design, but also is convenient in practical engineering realization.Finally, Simulation and flight results show that the proposed control scheme is effective.
YU Deliang , LI Yanmei , DING Bao , ZHAO Pengshu , SUN Hao
2017, 49(9):159-165. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201610123
Abstract:As the traditional ground indicator diagram method is not suitable for fault diagnosis of submersible plunger pump, this paper proposes a new fault diagnosis method. Multiple Mutation Adaptive Genetic Algorithm(MMAGA)is used to optimize the weight and threshold values of Radial Basis Function neural network. Some characteristic parameters are then extracted from the operation parameters of the submersible linear motor and oil wellhead, which can reflect the working state of pump. These characteristic parameters are taken as input vectors of the new fault diagnosis model so as to realize the fault diagnosis of submersible plunger pump. The experimental results show that: the comprehensive diagnosis accuracy of MMAGA-RBF method is high when using less training samples, and the comprehensive misjudgment rate is lower than 4% when the training sample is above 1000 groups. The generalization ability is stronger compared to that of the traditional model. The MMAGA-RBF fault diagnosis method is suitable for the working condition characteristics and can meet the requirements of the comprehensive diagnosis accuracy of submersible plunger pump.
YAO Xuliang , YANG Guangyi , PENG Yu
2017, 49(9):166-173. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201610106
Abstract:To address the problem of depth tracking and attitude control of autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) near the surface, a novel nonlinear reduced-order state observer (ROSO) and a predictive controller based on nonlinear model online linearization (PC-NMOL) are presented. By using a nonsingular coordinate transformation, the ROSO is achieved to accurately estimate the state variables of AUV. And the state estimation is applied to the predictive controller to enhance the attitude control and depth tracking performance of AUV. In simulation of AUV longitudinal motion control, the comparison has been presented between ROSO and full-order state observer (FOSO), also between PC-NMOL and traditional nonlinear predictive control (NPC). Simulation results show the fast dynamical response and strong robustness of proposed methods.
JIANG Shuqiang , LIU Fanming , WEI Fengmei , ZHANG Qiang , HUANG Lei
2017, 49(9):174-181. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201609005
Abstract:A strapdown inertial navigation system (INS) requires the reference velocity form a log during in-motion gyrocompass alignment. However, the outside lever arm exists since locations of the log (located on the bottom of a ship) and the strapdown INS (located in the compass cabin) are different from each other, which would lead to errors of reference velocities that are brought into gyrocompass alignment. In order to study the effect of outer lever-arm on gyrocompass performances, we deduced the expressions of velocity errors aroused by the outside lever arm in the cases of pitch, roll and heading changes. Meanwhile, we constructed the relationship between velocity errors and gyrocompass alignment errors. Furthermore, we obtained effects of the outside lever-arm on gyrocompass alignment. Theoretical analysis and simulation showed that the outside lever arm could lead to level and heading misalignment errors for gyrocompass alignment which increase with amplitudes of sway and turn as well as length of the outside lever arm.
LU Jun , ZHANG Yijing , WANG Chengcheng , SHAO Qiang
2017, 49(9):182-188. DOI: 10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201608086
Abstract:To compensate for the nonlinear gamma error in the process of structured light 3D(three-dimensional) measurement, the gamma correction method based on the phase shift method is proposed in this paper. The technologies of structured light measurement and the 3D reconstruction are studied. Firstly, introduce the basic principles of structured light measurement and structured light measurement method based on sinusoidal fringe image. Secondly, the gamma correction method based on the phase shift method is studied, and the validity of the method is verified by experiments. Finally, the 3D reconstruction images before and after correction of the measured object are obtained through reconstruct experiment, and the analysis and comparison are made. The experimental results show that the correction algorithm designed in this paper can effectively reduce the RMS(root-mean-square) value of the phase error caused by gamma distortion in three-dimensional measurement. This method improves the measurement accuracy and has practical value.