| 引用本文: | 郑文忠,李瑞森,徐笠博,侯晓萌.静态破碎技术研究综述与建议[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2021,53(5):190.DOI:10.11918/201907034 |
| ZHENG Wenzhong,LI Ruisen,XU Libo,HOU Xiaomeng.Review and analysis on research and application of static crushing technology[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2021,53(5):190.DOI:10.11918/201907034 |
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| 静态破碎技术研究综述与建议 |
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郑文忠1,2,李瑞森1,2,徐笠博1,2,侯晓萌1,2
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(1.结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学),哈尔滨 150090; 2.土木工程智能防灾减灾工信部重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学),哈尔滨 150090)
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| 摘要: |
| 静态破碎技术是将搅拌好的静态破碎剂填充在岩石或混凝土的孔内,利用静态破碎剂膨胀产生的膨胀压力“静悄悄”地使岩石或混凝土松散酥碎的方法.为促进静态破碎技术的发展及应用,介绍静态破碎剂的主要膨胀性能及其测试方法,分析孔直径、孔间距、孔排距、孔边距、孔深度对破碎效果的影响,展示静态破碎拆除技术在建筑拆除、混凝土及岩石破碎等方面的应用.结果表明:由氧化钙、水泥、石膏和减水剂等组成的石灰系静态破碎剂在工程中应用最多；静态破碎剂的体积膨胀主要来源于反应过程中固相体积和孔隙体积的增加；膨胀压力随氧化钙掺量的增加而增大；破碎首先发生在孔边与自由面距离最小处；孔径越大、孔深越深,破碎剂用量越多,膨胀压力越大,破碎效果越好,但破碎剂用量过大易引起破碎剂从孔洞喷出；在一定范围内,破碎剂在孔附近某点处产生的应力与该点至孔边缘距离的平方呈反比,适当缩减孔距能够取得更好的破碎效果. |
| 关键词: 静态破碎技术 静态破碎剂 膨胀性能 孔径 孔深 孔距 破碎效果 |
| DOI：10.11918/201907034 |
| 分类号:TU751.9 |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0806100) |
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| Review and analysis on research and application of static crushing technology |
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ZHENG Wenzhong1,2,LI Ruisen1,2,XU Libo1,2,HOU Xiaomeng1,2
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(1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150090, China; 2.Key Lab of the Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disasters of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (Harbin Institute of Technology), Harbin 150090, China)
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| Abstract: |
| Static crushing technology is a method that the mixed static crushing agent is filled in the hole of rock or concrete and the pressure generated by the static crushing agent is utilized to make the rock or concrete loose and crisp “quietly”. For the development and application of the static crushing technology, this paper introduces the main expansion performance and test methods of static crushing agent, investigates the influence of hole diameter, hole spacing, hole row spacing, hole margin, and hole depth on crushing effect, and reviews the application of static crushing technology in building demolition and concrete and rock crushing. Results show that lime-based static crushing agent composed of calcium oxide, cement, gypsum, and water reducer is the most widely used in engineering. The volume expansion of the static crushing agent mainly originates from the increase of solid volume and pore volume in the reaction process. The expansion pressure increases with the increase of calcium oxide content. Static crushing occurs preferentially at the minimum distance between the hole edge and the free surface. The crushing effect can be improved with increasing hole diameter, hole depth, static crushing agent, and expansion pressure, while too much static crushing agent makes it easier to be ejected from the hole. Within a certain range, the stress generated by the crushing agent at a point near the hole is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the point to the hole edge, so better crushing effect can be obtained by appropriately reducing the distance of the hole. |
| Key words: static crushing technology static crushing agent expansion performance hole diameter hole depth hole distance crushing effect |
