| 摘要: |
| 为研究电容储能缝焊工艺对304不锈钢接头性能的影响规律,对0.5 mm厚304不锈钢板进行了缝焊工艺实验,通过接头拉剪力检测和金相显微组织观察,对比了不同焊接速度、充电电容和放电频率下的缝焊接头组织特点,并分析了各工艺参数对接头拉剪力、熔核宽度、焊缝重叠量和焊透率的影响.结果表明:储能焊焊缝中心晶粒细小,熔合区为柱状晶,重叠部位晶粒粗大,接头组织呈现不均匀性,随着充电电容的增大晶粒变得更细密,组织不均匀程度显著降低,焊接速度和放电频率增大导致晶粒组织粗化并出现缩孔缺陷,提高电极压力可克服缩孔并使组织趋向均匀；充电电容对接头拉剪力的影响较小,焊接速度、充电电压、放电频率和电极压力调到一个合适值后,继续增大参数值对接头拉剪力影响很小；焊接速度的增大引起焊缝熔核宽度和重叠量急剧下降,充电电压增大引起焊缝焊透率下降过多,导致飞溅、过烧、毛刺等焊接缺陷的产生.因此,304不锈钢储能缝焊应采用低的焊接速度、较小的充电电压和较高的电极压力。 |
| 关键词: 储能缝焊 304不锈钢 工艺参数 接头组织 焊接缺陷 |
| DOI：10.11951/j.issn.1005-0299.20180327 |
| 分类号:TG453 |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目:江西省教育厅科技项目(DA201803177). |
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| Influence of condenser-discharge seam-welding process on the properties of 304 stainless steel joint |
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YI Runhua, DENG Lipeng
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(School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China)
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| Abstract: |
| In order to study the influence of condenser-discharge seam-welding process on the properties of 304 stainless steel joint, seam-welding experiments of 0.5 mm thick 304 stainless steel sheet were carried out. By means of tensile shear test and metallographic microstructure observation, the joint structure was compared at different welding speeds, charging capacitances, and discharge frequencies. Effects of process parameters on tensile shear force, nugget width, weld overlap, and weld penetration were studied. Results show that the center grain of the weld was fine, the fusion zone was columnar, the overlap area was coarse, and the joint microstructure was not uniform. As the charging capacitance increased, the grains became finer, and the uneven degree of the microstructure decreased significantly. The increase of welding speed and discharge frequency led to grain structure coarsening and shrinkage defect. Increasing electrode pressure could overcome shrinkage and it made the microstructure uniform. The effect of charging capacitance on tensile shear force was small, and the welding speed, charging voltage, discharge frequency, and electrode pressure had little effect on the joint tensile shear force after adjusted to appropriate values. The width and overlap of weld nugget decreased sharply with the increase of welding speed. The increase of charging voltage led to an excessive reduction of weld penetration, which resulted in spatter, over-burning, burr, and other welding defects. Therefore, low welding speed, small charging voltage, and high electrode pressure should be used in 304 stainless steel energy storage seam-welding. |
| Key words: condenser-discharge seam-welding 304 stainless steel process parameters joint structure welding defects |
