| 引用本文: | 张震,杨润泽,卞强,臧华兵,梁志伟,李广利,尚文锦.舱外航天服除湿装置除湿及再生特性[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2024,56(4):165.DOI:10.11918/202307064 |
| ZHANG Zhen,YANG Runze,BIAN Qiang,ZANG Huabing,LIANG Zhiwei,LI Guangli,SHANG Wenjin.Dehumidification and regeneration performance of dehumidifier in the extravehicular spacesuit[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2024,56(4):165.DOI:10.11918/202307064 |
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| 舱外航天服除湿装置除湿及再生特性 |
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张震1,2,杨润泽1,2,卞强1,2,臧华兵1,梁志伟1,李广利1,2,尚文锦1
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(1.中国航天员科研训练中心,北京 100094; 2.人因工程全国重点实验室(中国航天员科研训练中心),北京 100094)
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| 摘要: |
| 在舱外航天服环境控制与生命保障系统中,除湿装置能够对介质气体中湿气进行去除,可有效提高CO2分压传感器的测量灵敏度。为适应舱外航天服的使用模式、出舱时间,同时延长除湿装置在舱外航天服中的使用次数,提出了使用舱外航天服氧瓶剩余氧气进行硅胶吹扫再生的方法,为分析除湿装置的除湿特性、再生特性以及使用模式对其性能影响,首先对比了氯化钙、变色硅胶和细孔硅胶等干燥剂的物理特性和除湿性能；其次,采用纯氧吹扫的方式对变色硅胶进行了除湿再生试验研究；最后,对比分析了除湿装置使用模式对其除湿性能的影响特性。试验结果表明:CaCl2颗粒的除湿效果优于变色硅胶,但吸湿后CaCl2干燥剂会出现坍塌短路的现象；在相同试验条件下,变色硅胶的连续除湿时间为32 h,而细孔硅胶的连续除湿时间为23 h；除湿过程经过暂停后,除湿特性发生变化,间断模式的出口绝对湿度随着除湿时间的增加而有所增大,并且高于正常模式下的出口绝对湿度。变色硅胶的物理特性稳定且在满足除湿要求下的除湿时间较长,更适用于该系统中的除湿装置；且变色硅胶经过纯氧吹扫后可循环使用,具备多次除湿功能；间断模式会造成硅胶内部含水量的重新分配,降低除湿装置内硅胶的整体吸湿能力。本研究为舱外航天服环境控制与生命保障系统中除湿装置干燥剂的选择以及再生特性的优化提供了基础数据和理论指导。 |
| 关键词: 舱外航天服 除湿装置 硅胶 除湿 再生 |
| DOI：10.11918/202307064 |
| 分类号:V416.5 |
| 文献标识码:A |
| 基金项目: |
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| Dehumidification and regeneration performance of dehumidifier in the extravehicular spacesuit |
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ZHANG Zhen1,2,YANG Runze1,2,BIAN Qiang1,2,ZANG Huabing1,LIANG Zhiwei1,LI Guangli1,2,SHANG Wenjin1
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(1.China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China; 2.National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering (China Astronaut Research and Training Center), Beijing 100094, China)
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| Abstract: |
| In the environmental control and life support system (ECLSS) of the extravehicular spacesuit, the removal of the moisture from the medium gas can be achieved by the dehumidifier which may effectively improve the sensitivity of the CO2 pressure sensor. In order to adapt the usage mode and egress time of the extravehicular spacesuit, and to extend the usage times of the dehumidifier, a method of the residual oxygen purging is proposed, by which the color-changing silica gel is regenerated after dehumidification. This method aims to study the dehumidification performance, the regenerative performance and the influence of the usage mode on the dehumidification performance. Firstly, the physical properties and the dehumidification performances of the desiccants such as the calcium chloride (CaCl2), color-changing silica gel, and fine porous silica gel are compared and analyzed using the dehumidifier. Secondly, the method of the residual oxygen purging is tested, by which the color-changing silica gel is regenerated after dehumidification. Finally, the influence of the usage mode on the dehumidification performance of the dehumidifier was experimentally investigated and compared. The experimental results indicate that the dehumidification performance of CaCl2 is better than that of color-changing silica gel, but the CaCl2 particle tends to collapse and short circuit after hygroscopic. Under the same condition, the continuous dehumidification time of the color-changing silica gel is 32 h, while the time of the fine porous silica gel is 23 h. After a pause of dehumidification, the dehumidification performance of the dehumidifier change. The outlet humidity of the intermittent usage mode increases with the increase in dehumidification time, which is higher than that of the normal usage mode. Furthermore, the physical characteristics of color-changing silica gel are stable, and it has a longer dehumidifying time under the conditions of the dehumidification requirements, making it more suitable for the dehumidifier in this system. Additionally, the color-changing silica gel can be recycled and has the ability to multiple dehumidify after being purged with pure oxygen. However, the discontinuous mode can lead to the redistribution of the moisture within the silica gel, reducing the overall moisture absorption capacity of the dehumidifier. This research provides fundamental data and theoretical guidance for the desiccation selection of the dehumidifier and optimization of regeneration characteristics of the extravehicular spacesuit in environmental control and life support system. |
| Key words: extravehicular spacesuit dehumidifier silica gel dehumidification regeneration |
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